After the out break of World War One on 4th August 1914, young
patriotic men all over the country rallied to Kitchener’s call
to enlist for ‘King and Country’. Initially filled with
nostalgic ideas of warfare, the combination of old tactics and
new weapons soon led to the horrors of trench warfare, something
that no soldier had ever envisaged. The well known battles of
Verdun, Jutland, the Somme and Passchendaele claimed many young
British lives, wiping out an entire generation during four long
years. However, the “Forgotten Front” of Macedonia and Salonika
1916-1918 has not received as much attention as Gallipoli and
Mesopotamia as it was regarded at the time as a sideshow. The
11th Battalion of the Royal Welch Fusiliers endured nearly all
but two months of the War in Salonika. It was in the final few
months before the end of the War that many who had survived the
appalling conditions and enemy fire, fell at the Battle of
Doiran in Salonika. One of those soldiers was Private Samuel E.
Hall.
Private
Samuel E. Hall (born 1895) was the oldest of four children. His
father, Joseph Hall (b. 14th April 1861), a stone mason and a
lay preacher, and his mother Jane Hall (b. 16th January 1873)
resided at 2 Mount Pleasant, Penrhynside, Llandudno. Two of his
brothers, Ephraim (Navy) and William (Army) fought during World
War One, with Ephraim and the youngest of the four, Joseph,
fighting during the Second World War.
As the eldest child of age, Private Samuel Hall was the first to
enlist. He enlisted at the Town Hall on Lloyd Street in
Llandudno (see recruitment poster below). Like so many of the so
called ‘pals’ he enlisted with childhood friends who also
resided on Mount Pleasant. He was joined by Edward Evans (3
Mount Pleasant) who, having enlisted in Wrexham went on to be a
driver in “B” Battery of the 298th Brigade, Royal Field
Artillery. He was killed in action on the 30th November 1917.
Then there was Robert Harris, son of Robert and Annie Harris of
10 Mount Pleasant. After enlisting in Colwyn Bay, Harris went on
to be a private in “B” company of the 14th Battalion of the
Royal Welch Fusiliers. Robert fell on the 2nd September 1917
aged 27. Lastly there was George Frederick Sanford (13 Mount
Pleasant) who was a private in the 1st Battalion of the Royal
Welch Fusiliers. He saw very little of the war as he was killed
in action on the 30th October 1914 aged 24.
After
enlistment Private Samuel E. Hall was assigned to Wales’s oldest
infantry regiment, the Royal Welch Fusiliers. The 11th Battalion
was formed at Wrexham on 18th September 1914. Shortly after
forming it joined the 22nd Division. The whole division then
moved on to various camps for training before making the journey
to France in early September 1915. After a brief stint in France
it received orders on 20th October 1915 to move to an unknown
destination. Ten days later, on the 30th October, Private Samuel
E. Hall’s battalion, along with the 8th South Wales Borderers
and a fragment of the Shropshire Light Infantry, sailed for
Salonika at 4.30pm.
After a relatively calm passage, they anchored in Salonika
harbour on the 5th November. They joined British troops who had
already been there one month before. Private Hall, along with
the rest of British troops in Salonika, was there to deter
Bulgaria from joining Germany and Austria-Hungary, in attacking
Serbia. The war in Salonika was regarded by the British as a
‘side show’ as Britain had no political, commercial or strategic
interests in the region apart from seeing the First World War to
a favourable conclusion. Conditions in Salonika were appalling.
Many men had arrived in light summer khaki, but in November 1915
they faced blizzards and dense fog. There was a lack of roads so
the state of the ground meant terrain was impassable in parts
with army vehicles sinking into the mud. When summer arrived in
1916, they were faced with soaring temperatures. Consequently
disease set in and spread like wildfire. In Salonika, for every
casualty in battle, three died of malaria, influenza or other
diseases.
Private Samuel E. Hall endured enemy fire, disease, exhaustion
and lack of supplies for nearly four years in Salonika. Sadly he
did not make it home as he fell at the Battle of Doiran on the
18th September 1918, just weeks before the end of World War One.
The Battle of Doiran took place on the 18th and 19th September
1918 in the area of Dora Tepe-Doiran-Karasuli Railway and the
river Vardar. The 22nd Division (which included the 11th
Battalion RWF) was ordered to take Doiran Hill, Teton Hill and
the Petite Couronne. This would be no easy task. The enemy was
tactically at an advantage with a good network of well dug in
trenches, the terrain was difficult to cross and the wire
entanglements were exceptionally good. Also, due to an extremely
hot summer the Battalion was struck by an epidemic of influenza,
malaria and dysentery. Facing the gloomy prospect of no
reinforcements, the troops were exhausted.
The Battle of Doiran was a disaster for the British. In attack
after attack the British lost many lives due to an enemy which
had a far superior vantage point and prior knowledge of the
terrain. The British attempted to take various enemy lines but
were met with heavy counter-attacks and gas. During the 18th
September 1918 the 11th Battalion RWF was ordered to leave
Senelle and move to take enemy trenches near Dagger and Sabre
Ravines. After meeting heavy counter attacks it then moved on
with remaining troops to the Hilt where it faced even heavier
opposition. A few men managed to secure the Hilt but were later
pushed back. It was impossible to re-take the Hilt due to a lack
of sufficient manpower. Instead they chose to consolidate the
line crossing Jumeaux Ravine and Root Ravine. They beat off a
weak counter attack by the enemy and dug in for a quiet night.
Sadly, they had experienced huge losses throughout the day. Out
of 20 officers, only 3 survived and out of 480 soldiers, only
100 survived. Aged just 23, Private Samuel E. Hall was one of
those 380 who did not survive the Battle of Doiran.
The eminent historian A.J.P Taylor commented that ‘the battle of
Doiran is a now forgotten episode of World War One.’(1981) With
the commemoration of the 90th Anniversary of the end of the
First World War this year, accounts such as those who fell on
the ‘forgotten front’ should be remembered. Soldiers like
Private Samuel E. Hall fought on a ‘forgotten front’ in what
became a forgotten army, but today in the 21st Century he is not
forgotten.
We will remember them. |